clonig califlour

Aim-
To clone a piece of cauliflower

Introduction-
Cloning is a part of making genetically identical organism through non-sexual means. Cloning is done naturally by normal cause by say if a piece of grass falls down and were the roots to the grass end stays another piece of grass grows in its place to replace the other grass piece. Tissue propagation is a cell gets changed into a root and becomes a fully grown plant e.g. vegetative propagitation. You are cloning the original plant because the new plant has the same genetic makeup as the donor plant.
Dolly the sheep cloned by wilmut and his colleagues transplanted a nucleus from a mammary gland cell of a Finn Dorset sheep into the enucleated egg of a Scottish blackface ewe.
Dolly is a viable, healthy clone because she has grown and reproduced several offspring of her own through normal sexual means.
We carry out cloning to mass produce organisms with desired qualities, such as a prize-winning orchid or a genetically engineered animal – for instance, sheep have been engineered to produce human insulin.

Safety-
Take care when using sterilising agents. Avoid contact with skin; wear safety goggles and latex gloves.
Wear goggles.
Keep away ethanol from open flame.
Once experiment is set up do not open test tube in case of contamination.
Avoid contact with plant hormones used.
Put your bags and coats under the desk

Methods-
Stage1- I swabbed the laboratory with ethanol (70%).
Stage 2- I cut a small piece of cauliflower about a centimetre across with a sharp scalpel.
Stage 3- I placed it in a Petri dish, then using sharp cuts, we divided the piece of cauliflower into three.
Stage 4- I carefully placed the pieces of cauliflower or explant into a 50cm3 of sodium hypochlorite (sodium (I) chlorate) solution into a beaker to sterilise them.
Stage 5- 1 left it for10 minutes.
Stage 6- we undid the ***** cap, then we flamed the neck of the bottle of the sterile distilled water provided.
Stage 7- we poured out 50cm3 of sterile distilled water into three 100cm3 beakers.
Stage 8- we flamed the neck of the bottle and replace the cap.
Stage 9- we dipped the end of the pair of forceps into a beaker of ethanol, keeping this well away from the flame.
Stage 10- we passed the forceps through a blue flame to ignite the ethanol and sterilize them.
Stage 11- I allowed the forceps o cool and then aseptically transfer the explants to a beaker of sterile water. I left it for one minute.
Stage 12- I rinse the explants twice more in the remaining two beaker of sterile distilled water. This rinsing process is critical to the growth of the explants. I left it in the beaker until required.
Stage 13- To the hand opposite I wrote with I removed the aluminium foil and cotton wool plug from the test tube of growth medium.
Stage 14- I flamed the neck of the tube.
Stage 15- I was using a pair of sterile forceps then I carefully but quickly transfer one of the explants onto the surface of the growth medium in the tube.
Stage 16- I carefully flame the neck of the tube and replaced the cotton wool.
Stage 17- I covered the cotton wool with aluminium foil.
Stage 18- I repeated stage 15 to 17 with the other two explants. I transferred them aseptically to two further tubes of growth media.
Stage 19- I kept the explants in a warm light place.
Stage 20- The growth of the explants should be visible after about 10 days.
Stage 21- In the tube, aseptic technique has not been observed, and the explant has not grown.
Stage 22- My healthy explants and contaminated explants compared